scratch

scratch音标

英 [skrætʃ]

美 [skrætʃ]

scratch基本释义

v.抓；搔（痒）；划破；划掉

n.抓痕；乱写；抓的声音；起跑线

adj.无让步的

scratch用法及例句

v.(动词)

挖出，扒出

擦

勾掉，勾消，勾划掉

取消

退出比赛

刮，刮坏

删去，删掉

潦草地涂写，乱划，潦草地写

未能践约

艰难地谋生，勉强糊口

抓（表面），搔（痒）

刨，用爪刨洞

抓伤，刺刺地抓，划破（皮肤），划伤，刮伤

作刮擦声

涂写

乱画，乱划

涂掉，划掉，刮掉

划出，刻出

凑（钱）

未得分

侥幸击中

未击中

n.(名词)

刮擦声

抓痕，划痕

擦伤，抓伤

起跑线

抓

乱涂，乱划

【牌】零分

弃权者

钱

搔，搔痒

搔痕

微伤

【地】擦痕

【建】刮痕

搔声

未中的一击

adj.(形容词)

打草稿用的

潦草的

东拼西凑的， 临时凑成的，凑合的，匆匆组成的

庞杂的，各种各样的

碰巧的，偶然的

平等比赛的，无让分优待的

无让步的

随便写的

碰巧打中的

发痒的

v.(动词)

vt. & vi. 抓; 搔 make lines on or in a surface with sth pointed or sharp e.g. fingernails, claws

vt. & vi. 刮伤 get (oneself, a part of the body) clutched by accident

vt. & vi. 勾掉 draw a line or lines through a word or words, a name, etc.

vt. 退出比赛 withdraw (a horse, a candidate, oneself) from a competition; take out (the name of a horse, a candidate) from a list of entries for a race or competition

n.(名词)

[S] 抓; 搔痒 an act of scratching (a part of the body)

[C] 抓痕,抓伤 a mark or small wound made by scratching

[C] 刮擦声 a sound made by scratching

noun

1. an indication of damage

Synonym: scrapescarmark

2. (golf) a handicap of zero strokes

e.g. a golfer who plays at scratch should be able to achieve par on a course

3. poor handwriting

Synonym: scribblescrawlcacography

4. a harsh noise made by scraping

e.g. the scrape of violin bows distracted her

Synonym: scrapescrapingscratching

5. dry mash for poultry

Synonym: chicken feed

6. a line indicating the location of the start of a race or a game

Synonym: startstarting linescratch line

7. a competitor who has withdrawn from competition

8. informal terms for money

Synonym: boodlebreadcabbageclamsdinerodoughgeltkalelettucelollylucrelootmoolahpelfshekelssimoleonssugarwampum

9. a depression scratched or carved into a surface

Synonym: incisionprickslitdent

10. an abraded area where the skin is torn or worn off

Synonym: abrasionscrapeexcoriation

scratch的意思

verb

1. cause friction

e.g. my sweater scratches

Synonym: rubfrayfretchafe

2. cut the surface ofwear away the surface of

Synonym: scrapescratch up

3. carve, cut, or etch into a material or surface

e.g. engrave a penengraved the trophy cupt with the winner'sthe lovers scratched their names into the bark of the tree

Synonym: engravegraveinscribe

4. gather (money or other resources) together over time

e.g. She had scraped together enough money for collegethey scratched a meager living

Synonym: scrapescrape upcome up

5. remove by erasing or crossing out or as if by drawing a line

e.g. Please strike this remark from the recordscratch that remark

Synonym: strikeexpungeexcise

6. scrape or rub as if to relieve itching

e.g. Don't scratch your insect bites!

Synonym: rubitch

7. postpone indefinitely or annul something that was scheduled

e.g. Call off the engagementcancel the dinner partywe had to scrub our vacation plansscratch that meeting--the chair is ill

Synonym: cancelcall offscrub

1. 给…搔痒;给…挠痒If you scratch yourself, you rub your fingernails against your skin because it is itching.

e.g. He scratched himself under his arm...他在胳膊下面挠了挠。e.g. The old man lifted his cardigan to scratch his side...老人撩起开襟毛衣挠了挠身体的一侧。

2. 划伤;划出痕迹If a sharp object scratches someone or something, it makes small shallow cuts on their skin or surface.

e.g. The branches tore at my jacket and scratched my hands and face...树枝刮破了我的夹克，划伤了我的手和脸。e.g. Knives will scratch the worktop.小刀会在工作台上留下划痕。

3. 划痕;擦痕Scratches on someone or something are small shallow cuts.

e.g. The seven-year-old was found crying with scratches on his face and neck...那名 7 岁男孩被发现时正在哭泣，脸部和颈部都有划伤。e.g. I pointed to a number of scratches in the tile floor.我指向地板砖上的一道道划痕。

4. 从零开始;从头做起;白手起家If you do something from scratch, you do it without making use of anything that has been done before.

scratch的解释

e.g. Building a home from scratch can be both exciting and challenging...建立一个全新的家庭既让人兴奋又富于挑战。e.g. Hong Kong's manufacturing industry did not start from scratch in the post-war period.战后，香港制造业的兴起并非从零开始。

5. 苦苦琢磨;绞尽脑汁If you say that someone is scratching their head, you mean that they are thinking hard and trying to solve a problem or puzzle.

scratch的意思

e.g. The Institute spends a lot of time scratching its head about how to boost American productivity.该协会花费大量时间苦苦思索如何提高美国的生产力。

6. 触及表面;隔靴搔痒;浅尝辄止If you only scratch the surface of a subject or problem, you find out or do a small amount, but not enough to understand or solve it.

e.g. Officials say they've only scratched the surface of the drug problem...官员们说他们只是触及了**问题的表面。e.g. We had only two weeks to tour Malaysia, which was hardly enough time to scratch the surface.我们只有两周的时间游览马来西亚，连走马观花都来不及。

7. 达到标准;合格;令人满意If you say that someone or something is not up to scratch, you mean that they are not good enough.

e.g. My mother always made me feel I wasn't coming up to scratch.母亲总是使我觉得自己不够优秀。

1. 刮伤：不断的腐蚀氧化所形成的微抛光屑,经抛光液的化学去聚合作用与冲除,而达到移除的目的. *佳的抛光反应机构是当机械力与化学力二者处於平衡时的状态. 抛光过程中,若有过於激烈的机械力作用,将造成刮伤(Scratch).

2. 刮痕：洛氏( Rockwell)硬度,邵氏(Shore)硬度,莫氏(Mohs)硬度,刮痕(scratch)硬度和维氏(vickers)硬度等玻璃化温度(Glass transition temperature) 无定形或半结晶聚合物从粘流态或高弹态向玻璃态转变(或相反的转变)的较窄温度范围的近似中点,

3. 暂存：首先,可以选择特点(feature)显示在Gallery网站管理区域中已安装的外观主题里. 其次,可以编辑外观主题模板及风格页文件. *后,你还可以创建自己的外观主题--在已有外观主题的基础上或者是借由暂存(scratch).

4. 划痕：b)压延(轧制)、热处理工序,出现的质量问题.如:热处理时由于没有控制好温度,所导致的气泡、韧性不足、成色不足,晶粒粗大等现象,压延油、灰尘、金属屑(chip)等杂物附着,划痕(scratch)等.

常用例句

词汇搭配

用作动词(v.)

扒,刨 strip off or dig in light movementsscratch about

The farmyard was quiet, with just a few chickens scratching about.

这农家庭院静悄悄的,只有几只鸡在四处扒食。

用作名词(n.)

抓; 刮 strip off or digscratch away

If you keep scratching away at that spot, you'll break the skin.

你要是不停地抓那个小包会抓破皮的。

scratch sth ⇔ away

Most of the paint has been scratched away by heavy wear.

由于磨损严重,大部分油漆已剥落。

1. up to scratch : 合格, 处于良好状态；

2. from scratch : 从零开始, 从无到有, 白手起家；

3. without a scratch : 丝毫未受伤, 安然无恙；

用作动词(v.)

The dog is always scratching.那条狗老是搔痒。

The pen scratches badly.这支钢笔钩纸钩得利害。

用作名词(n.)

He has a curious habit of scratching his ear while he speaks.他有一种奇怪的习惯,一讲话就搔耳朵。

Please leave off scratching your head.请不要搔头了。

Scratch yourself if you itch.如果你觉得痒,搔好了。

The cat scratched my hand.猫把我的手给搔了。

The cat has scratched a hole in the flowerbed.猫在花坛上扒了一个坑。

The brambles scratched my legs.荆棘刺伤了我的双腿。

The knife has scratched the table.小刀划坏了桌子。

I hope you are not going to scratch me.我希望你不会把我的名字从比赛中划去。

1

The horse was scratched.那匹马退出比赛了。

用作动词 (v.)

～+名词

scratch one's ear搔耳朵

scratch one's head搔头

scratch a hole扒坑

scratch one's legs刺伤双腿

scratch the table划坏桌子

～+副词

scratch eagerly热心地勾掉

scratch inadvertently非故意地刮伤

scratch industriously勤奋地抓

scratch obviously明显地刮伤

scratch ruthlessly无情地勾掉

scratch sorely使人伤心地退出比赛

scratch unexpectedly意外地刮伤

scratch the plants away把植物扒掉

scratch out a name from a list从名单上划去一个名字

scratch together拼凑

scratch up a bone扒出一根骨头

～+介词

scratch at抓

scratch at the door在门上乱抓

scratch for oneself竭力独自谋生

scratch on在…上刻画

scratch hand on a nail手被钉子划伤

scratch name on the wall在墙上刻下名字

用作名词 (n.)

形容词+～

nasty scratch难看的划痕

slight scratch轻微的擦伤

Surely a few drops of blood from a scratch..are not to part father and son.

出自：Sir W. Scott

The young ensign passed through the four months of..fighting without a scratch.

出自：J. S. Corbett

She and her sister had scratched each other's faces.

出自：R. K. Narayan

Her thighs..were scratched with briars.

出自：G. Greene

词语用法

词义讲解

词源解说

v.(动词)

scratch的基本意思是“搔”“抓”,多指用带光(而非带刃)的东西如手指甲等去抓搔,也可表示在平面上刮线或穿孔。动作的发出者多没有明确的目的,而动作的承受者多受到一定程度的损害。引申可表示“刮伤”“勾掉”“刻画”“艰难地谋生”“退出比赛”等。

scratch既可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,接名词、代词作宾语。

v.(动词)

scratch, grind, scrape

这组词的意思相近。其区别是：

scrape指用有锋刃的工具从物体的表面刮〔擦〕掉某物; grind表示通过磨〔擦〕使工具、武器变得锐利或光滑; scratch指用利器在物体的表面上划出一道线或沟。

☆ 1474年进入英语，直接源自中世纪英语的scratten and crachen，意为抓。

近义词

临近词

scratch up拼凑

lettuce莴苣

abrasion擦伤

fray恼火

incision切口

dinero 钱

bread面包

score得分

itch痒

dent凹痕

loot掠夺品

cancel取消

clams动词clam的第三人称单...

chicken feed(俚语)小钱

grate栅

scrawl乱涂

expunge擦掉

simoleons 美元

boodle 贿赂金

fret(使)烦恼

scar疤痕

scrub用力擦洗

rub擦

lolly 棒棒糖...

mark记号

slit裂缝

scratch line起跑线

abrade擦伤

sketch速写

cabbage卷心菜

graze放牧

scraping擦去

scrape up凑集

cacography拼写错误

sugar糖，食糖

excoriation剥皮

start开始

prick刺

engrave雕刻

chafe擦痛

come up上升，升起

gelt阉割(删去)

dough生面团

pelf钱财

kale[植]羽衣甘蓝...

cut切

tick滴答作响

inscribe题写

scrape刮掉

excise货物税

nick刻痕

moolahmoola的异体字...

scribble潦草地书写

pull out拔出

wampum贝壳念珠

scuff磨损

grave坟墓

call off取消

starting line起跑线

writing写作

strike罢工

shekels 钱

scratching刮东西时发出的刺耳声...

lucre钱财(尤指不义之财)...

scratchpad

scratch on

scratch in

scratch pad

scratchy

scratching

scratch up

scream

scratchcat

scratch at

scratcher

scrappy

相关列句

My idol is Jack Ma because he establishes Alibaba, one of the most famous IT companies in China from scratch.(我的偶像是马云，因为他白手起家，创办了中国*出名的一家网络科技公司——阿里巴巴。)

There's a scratch on the side of my car.(我的汽车侧面有一道划痕。)

Scratch my back – I've got an itch.(给我挠挠背–我痒痒。)

When you created a variable in scratch, you could either make it for this sprite only or for all sprites.(当你在scratch中创建一个变量，你可以仅针对该精灵或针对所有精灵进行创建。)

Songdo, a city built from scratch in South Korea, is one of Kasarda's prime examples.(韩国的松岛是一座白手起家的城市，是卡萨达*典型的例子之一。)

His work simply isn't up to scratch.(他的工作根本达不到要求。)

Never once did he try to bite or scratch me.(他从来没有想过要咬我或抓我。)

He was not the type of person offering to pay for refinishing my car, which had by now many scratch marks.(他不是那种愿意为我的汽车补漆付钱的人，我的汽车现在已经有很多刮痕了。)

First of all, there's this large scratch across the front of it.(首先，它前面有个很大的划痕。)

They decided to dismantle the machine and start again from scratch.(他们决定拆掉机器，从头再来。)